Mehdi Ahmadi; Mohsen Amiri; Tahere Rezaeian; Amir Mansour Rezadoost; Enayatollah Bakhshi; Iraj Abdollahi
Volume 22, Issue 7 , 2020
Abstract
Background: Gastroesophageal reflux disease (GERD) is one of the most common gastrointestinal disorders that can disturb pa- tients respiratory indices. Proton pump inhibitors (PPIs) such as omeprazole are currently the most common treatment in the patients. PPI-refractory GERD is a clinical problem ...
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Background: Gastroesophageal reflux disease (GERD) is one of the most common gastrointestinal disorders that can disturb pa- tients respiratory indices. Proton pump inhibitors (PPIs) such as omeprazole are currently the most common treatment in the patients. PPI-refractory GERD is a clinical problem constituting around 30% of patients with GERD.
Objectives: The aim of this study was to investigate the effects of diaphragmatic breathing (DB) and omeprazole on respiratory indices (RI) and diaphragmatic excursion (DEX) in patients with GERD.
Methods: This is a clinical trial conducted for eight weeks among 40 patients with severe GERD in Tehran in 2018. The block ran- domization method was designed to randomize 40 patients into two groups (DB and control) that resulted in equal sample sizes. The control group received omeprazole 20 mg once daily, and the DB group, in addition to omeprazole, performed DB. Respiratory indices, including (Forced Vital Capacity (FVC), Forced Expiratory Volume in 1 second (FEV1), Peak Expiratory Flow (PEF)), and DEX were evaluated before, immediately, and six weeks after the end of intervention by spirometry and ultrasonography; respectively. Results: There was no significant difference in the RI and DEX before the intervention between groups. FVC (P = 0.04) and PEF (P = 0.02) significantly changed in the control group, but FEV1 (P = 0.001), FVC (P = 0.002), PEF (P = 0.001) and DEX (0.001) significantly changed after DB. There was a significant difference in terms of RI between before and followed up in DB.
Conclusions: Diaphragmatic breathing with omeprazole had more effects on RI and DEX than omeprazole alone. The positive effects of DB remain at least six weeks after the end of the intervention
Enayatollah Bakhshi; Ayeh Sheikhaliyan; Keivan Atashgar; Maryam Kooshesh; Akbar Biglarian
Volume 19, Issue 7 , July 2017, , Pages 1-10
Abstract
Background: Breast cancer (BC) is the most leading cause of cancer and the second most common cause of cancer-related death among females worldwide. The survival time of the disease and its risk factors are important for physicians.Objectives: The current study aimed at applying the Cox, cure, and frailty ...
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Background: Breast cancer (BC) is the most leading cause of cancer and the second most common cause of cancer-related death among females worldwide. The survival time of the disease and its risk factors are important for physicians.Objectives: The current study aimed at applying the Cox, cure, and frailty models to identify the risk factors related to the survival of patients with BC.Methods: The current historical cohort study investigated 499 patients with a confirmed diagnosis of BC, from March 2010 to March 2014, and followed-up to March 2015 in Besaat hospital in Tehran, Iran. The Cox regression, cure, and frailty models were used for the survival analysis (SA) of the patients. Data analysis was carried out by R3.2.2 software.Results: The mean (± SD) age of the patients was 50.39 (± 11.13) years and the mean survival time was 53.44 months (95% CI: 51.41 - 55.48). In addition, the 1-year overall survival rate was 0.92 (95% CI: 0.89 - 0.94). Age at diagnosis, tumor size, and metastasis covariates were significant in all models (P < 0.05). Stage covariate were significant in frailty, cure, and failure time distribution model (P < 0.001). Familial history (P = 0.016) and pathology (P = 0.012) were significant only in the frailty model.Conclusions: The cure and frailty models were better than the Cox model to estimate the parameters. When some patients have a long-term survival, cure models can be an interesting method to study survival and also describe the short-term and long-term effects.
